Spring Hibernate Hello World Example 專案 之 Annotation
本範例實作說明：
本篇主要使用 Spring 及 Hibernate，做一個基本測試專案，
Spring 使用 Spring Annotation bean。
Hibernate 使用 Annotation 。
本範例使用到 PostgreSQL 及 log4j
一、範例開發準備工具
作業系統： Windows 7
開發工具： Eclipse Java EE IDE for Web Developers Juno Service Release2
JAVA JDK : JDK1.7.0_60
資料庫 ： PostgreSQL 9.3
其它相關： Maven 4.0
Hibernate Version 4.3.7.Final
Spring Framework 3.2.2.RELEASE
二、新增Maven範例專案
範例專案名稱：SpringHibernateAnnotationHelloWorldExample
圖1 開啟Eclipse -> File -> New -> Maven Project
(如果沒看到Maven Project ，Eclipse -> File -> New -> Other.. ->)
圖2 選擇專案存放位置 use default Workspase location-> Next
選擇存放在預設的工作資料夾下(就是你開Eclipse時，選擇Workspase下)
圖3 使用 Maven 範本
本例選用：
Group id : org.apache.maven.archetypes
Artifact id : maven-archetype-quickstart
Version : RELEASE
-> Next
註:
Group id為公司名稱 or 群組分類名稱
Artifact Id 為專案標識符，就是專案名稱
圖4 範例專案
Group id : SpringHibernateAnnotationHelloWorldExample
Artifact id : SpringHibernateAnnotationHelloWorldExample
Version : 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
Package : com.levin
-> Finish
圖5 新增專案後，基本預設資料
三、使用相關jar檔
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<spring.version>3.2.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
<hibernate.version>4.3.7.Final</hibernate.version>
<jdk.version>1.7</jdk.version>
<junit.version>4.11</junit.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- Spring 3 dependencies -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Hibernate framework -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>${hibernate.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- postgresql database driver -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.postgresql</groupId>
<artifactId>postgresql</artifactId>
<version>9.3-1100-jdbc41</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Junit -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>${junit.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
圖6 開啟 pom.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>SpringHibernateAnnotationHelloWorldExample</groupId>
<artifactId>SpringHibernateAnnotationHelloWorldExample</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>SpringHibernateAnnotationHelloWorldExample</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<spring.version>3.2.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
<hibernate.version>4.3.7.Final</hibernate.version>
<jdk.version>1.7</jdk.version>
<junit.version>4.11</junit.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- Spring 3 dependencies -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Hibernate framework -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>${hibernate.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- postgresql database driver -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.postgresql</groupId>
<artifactId>postgresql</artifactId>
<version>9.3-1100-jdbc41</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Junit -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>${junit.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>SpringHibernateAnnotationHelloWorldExample</finalName>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-eclipse-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.9</version>
<configuration>
<downloadSources>true</downloadSources>
<downloadJavadocs>false</downloadJavadocs>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.0</version>
<configuration>
<source>${jdk.version}</source>
<target>${jdk.version}</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
四、相關resources
建立resources 路徑
src/main/resources
圖7 建立相關 resources
將 resources 加入到 source folders on build path。
在專案按右鍵 -> Properties
進入Properties介面 -> Java Build Path
-> Source -> Add Folder..
->進入 Source Folder Selection介面
-> 選擇 打勾 resources
-> OK -> OK
圖8 建立設定檔
hibernate.cfg.xml
log4j.properties
五、建立 hibernate.cfg.xml
路徑: src/main/resources
檔名：hibernate.cfg.xml
說明：資料庫設定檔，相關hibernate 主要設定，資料庫連線資訊等。
本例資料庫名稱：hibernateTest
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<!--使用資料庫 相關設定 -->
<property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">org.postgresql.Driver</property>
<!--連線資料 (url)、帳號(username)及密碼(password) -->
<property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:postgresql://127.0.0.1:5433/hibernateTest</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.username">postgres</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.password">postgres</property>
<!-- hibernate 相關效能設定 -->
<property name="hibernate.bytecode.use_reflection_optimizer">false</property>
<property name="connection_pool_size">1</property>
<!-- validate | update | create | create-drop 如果沒要用 set value="none". -->
<!--
validate 程式執行驗證資料對應表相關資料。
update 如果table已存在，就更新，不存在則新增
create 每次執行就自動刪除所有對應的table，再新增所有對應的table
create-drop 新增所有對應的table , 程式關閉前刪除所有對應的table
-->
<property name="hbm2ddl.auto">create</property>
<!-- 是否顯示所有執行的sql -->
<property name="show_sql">true</property>
<!-- 對應資料表 -->
<mapping class="com.levin.model.Message"></mapping>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
六、建立 log4j.properties
路徑: src/main/resources
檔名：log4j.properties
說明：log4j 設定檔 ，記錄資訊用的，可不建此檔。
# Root logger option
log4j.rootLogger=INFO, stdout
# Direct log messages to stdout
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.Target=System.out
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n
# Hibernate logging options (INFO only shows startup messages)
log4j.logger.org.hibernate=INFO
# Log JDBC bind parameter runtime arguments
log4j.logger.org.hibernate.type=trace
七、建立 Message.java
路徑: src/main/java/com/levin/model
檔名：Message.java
說明：資料模型，裝table資料及存取資料。
圖9
package com.levin.model;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
/**
* Model class for Message.java
*/
@Entity
@Table(name = "MESSAGE")
public class Message implements java.io.Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
@Id
@GeneratedValue
@Column(name = "MESSAGE_ID")
private Integer messageId;
@Column(name = "MESSAGE_CODE")
private String messageCode;
@Column(name = "MESSAGE_NAME")
private String messageName;
public Message() {
}
public Message(String messageCode, String messageName) {
this.messageCode = messageCode;
this.messageName = messageName;
}
public Integer getMessageId() {
return messageId;
}
public void setMessageId(Integer messageId) {
this.messageId = messageId;
}
public String getMessageCode() {
return messageCode;
}
public void setMessageCode(String messageCode) {
this.messageCode = messageCode;
}
public String getMessageName() {
return messageName;
}
public void setMessageName(String messageName) {
this.messageName = messageName;
}
}
八、建立service 程式
1、路徑: src/main/java/com/levin/service
圖10 IMessageService.java 及 MessageService.java
2、建立 Service Interface
路徑: src/main/java/com/levin/service
名稱：IMessageService.java
package com.levin.service;
public interface IMessageService {
public void insertMessage(String code,String name);
}
3、建立 Service 實作
路徑: src/main/java/com/levin/service/impl
名稱：MessageService.java
package com.levin.service.impl;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import com.levin.model.Message;
import com.levin.service.IMessageService;
import com.levin.util.HibernateUtil;
@Component
public class MessageService implements IMessageService {
@Autowired
private Message message;
public void insertMessage(String code, String name) {
Session session = HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory().openSession();
session.beginTransaction();
message.setMessageCode(code);
message.setMessageName(name);
session.save(message);
session.getTransaction().commit();
}
}
注意：
@Component Spring 元件宣告
@Autowired 自動生成初值宣告
九、建立 Hibernate 資料交易控管 SessionFactory
路徑: src/main/java/com/levin/util
名稱：HibernateUtil.java
圖11
package com.levin.util;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration;
public class HibernateUtil {
private static final SessionFactory sessionFactory = buildSessionFactory();
private static SessionFactory buildSessionFactory() {
try {
// Create the SessionFactory from hibernate.cfg.xml
return new AnnotationConfiguration().configure().buildSessionFactory();
} catch (Throwable ex) {
// Make sure you log the exception, as it might be swallowed
System.err.println("Initial SessionFactory creation failed." + ex);
throw new ExceptionInInitializerError(ex);
}
}
public static SessionFactory getSessionFactory() {
return sessionFactory;
}
public static void shutdown() {
// Close caches and connection pools
getSessionFactory().close();
}
}
十、建立主執行程式
路徑: src/main/java/com/levin/core
名稱：Application.java
圖12
package com.levin.core;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import com.levin.model.Message;
import com.levin.service.IMessageService;
import com.levin.service.impl.MessageService;
/**
* Hibernate Hello world!
*/
@Configuration
@ComponentScan("com.levin.service.impl")
public class Application {
@Bean
Message mockMessage() {
return new Message();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("Maven + Srping + Hibernate + PostgreSQL Hello World! ");
AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(Application.class);
IMessageService messageService = context.getBean(MessageService.class);
messageService.insertMessage("1546", "Hello World");
}
}
注意：
@ComponentScan("com.levin") 為Spring 元件掃描宣告
com.levin 是指定package 以下掃描元件。
@Bean 為Spring Bean宣告
十一、執行測試
圖13 在專案按右鍵 -> Run As -> Java Application
圖14 Console 執行結果
圖15 資料庫檢查
十二、其它參考
Struts + Spring + Hibernate 目錄
Spring Hello World Example 專案
Hibernate Hello World Example 專案 之 XML Mapping
Spring Hibernate Hello World Example 專案 之 XML Mapping
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