本文使用 Spring Web model-view-controller (MVC) framework 建立一個簡單的一個Hello World 程式 1、本文中使用的相關技術 Eclipse 4.2 Version: Juno Service Release 2 Maven 3.0.5 JAVA JDK 1.7.0_51 Spring 4.1.1.RELEASE P.S Spring 3.x, 需 JDK 1.5 以上，但SpringMVC Annotation Project需要 Servlet3.x 以上 2、建立一個Maven專案 可參考 建立一個基本簡單的Spring MVC project maven部分，但此專案不需要 web.xml 3、加入 Spring 4.1.1.RELEASE.jar, jstl.jar以及servlet.jar 加入在Maven專案中的pom.xml <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.sample</groupId> <artifactId>SampleSpringMVC-1</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>war</packaging> <properties> <jdk.version>1.7</jdk.version> <spring.version>4.1.1.RELEASE</spring.version> <jstl.version>1.2</jstl.version> <javax.servlet.version>3.1.0</javax.servlet.version> </properties> <dependencies> <!-- Spring 3 dependencies --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- jstl for jsp page --> <dependency> <groupId>jstl</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>${jstl.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- servlet api --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> <version>${javax.servlet.version}</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>SampleSpringMVC-1</finalName> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.3</version> <configuration> <source>1.7</source> <target>1.7</target> </configuration> </plugin> <!-- 不包web.xml --> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.3</version> <configuration> <failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
4. 建立Controller & Mapping 在Spring 3 裡大量使用 annotation 。 如： @Controller 目錄 : src/main/java/com/sample/web/controller 檔名 : HelloController.java 程式碼：
package com.sample.web.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
@Controller
public class HelloController {
@RequestMapping(value = { "/", "/welcome**" }, method = RequestMethod.GET)
public ModelAndView welcomePage() {
ModelAndView model = new ModelAndView();
model.addObject("message", "Hello World");
model.setViewName("hello");
return model;
}
}5. 建立JSP 頁面 目錄 : src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/pages/ 檔名 : hello.jsp 程式碼： <html> <body> <h1>SpringMVC - Annotation :${message}</h1> </body> </html>
6.建立 AppConfig.java (Spring 設定) 如： @Configuration 目錄 : src/main/java/com/sample/config 檔名 : AppConfig.java 程式碼：
package com.sample.config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView;
@EnableWebMvc
@Configuration
@ComponentScan({ "com.sample.web.*" })
public class AppConfig {
@Bean
public InternalResourceViewResolver viewResolver() {
InternalResourceViewResolver viewResolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver();
viewResolver.setViewClass(JstlView.class);
viewResolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/pages/");
viewResolver.setSuffix(".jsp");
return viewResolver;
}
}7.建立 SpringMvcInitializer.java (Server 啟動此project時必須讀取設定,如同web.xml) 目錄 : src/main/java/com/sample/config/core 檔名 : SpringMvcInitializer.java
package com.sample.config.core;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.support.AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer;
import com.sample.config.AppConfig;
public class SpringMvcInitializer extends AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer {
@Override
protected Class[] getRootConfigClasses() {
return new Class[] { AppConfig.class };
}
@Override
protected Class[] getServletConfigClasses() {
return null;
}
@Override
protected String[] getServletMappings() {
return new String[] { "/" };
}
}8.執行成功畫面： URL = http://127.0.0.1:8080/SampleSpringMVC-1/
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